第33卷第5期膜科學(xué)與技術(shù)Vol. 33 No. 52013年10月MEMBRANE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOct.2013不同結(jié)構(gòu)聚砜超濾膜對聚乙二醇的過濾性能研究嚴(yán)昊，徐建，潘國元，張楊，郭敏，張龍貴，苗小培，劉軼群"(中國石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院材料科學(xué)研究所,北京100013)摘要:以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)為溶劑,水為非溶劑,制備了不同結(jié)構(gòu)的聚砜超濾膜,并考察其對超濾膜過濾性能測試體系一聚乙二醇水溶液的過濾性能.發(fā)現(xiàn)純水通量主要是由超濾膜表面的孔結(jié)構(gòu)所決定,孔徑越大通量越高;聚乙二醇水溶液的過濾性能由膜表面的孔結(jié)構(gòu)和截面結(jié)構(gòu)所決定,膜表面的孔徑越小、截面是海綿結(jié)構(gòu)的超濾膜的截留率越高.并且通過理論模擬與動態(tài)激光光散射的數(shù)據(jù)比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)聚乙二醇的分子鏈在經(jīng)過超濾膜時形態(tài)發(fā)生了明顯變化.關(guān)鍵詞:聚砜;超濾膜;通量;截留率中圖分類號: TQ028. 8文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A文章編號: 1007 -8924(2013)05-0043-05聚砜是一種性能優(yōu)良的高聚物,耐水解,很適合到了 ~些對分析聚砜超濾膜性能參數(shù)有指導(dǎo)意義的在工業(yè)上應(yīng)用于膜材料的開發(fā)與應(yīng)用.目前,過濾領(lǐng)結(jié)論.域主要在兩大方向使用聚砜材料(-),一個是超濾膜1試驗部分方向4],另一個是做復(fù)合納濾和反滲透膜的支撐基膜[5].雖然這兩種聚砜膜的制備工藝都是采用非溶1.1試驗材料與儀器劑浸泡的相轉(zhuǎn)化法,但是其對結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的要求卻聚砜: Solvay Udel3700; PEG10000: Alfa Aesar,不盡相同.其中超濾膜的研究方向主要是截留率與Mw = 100 000; PEG40000:Alfa Aesar,M =40 000;F、通量的調(diào)控,和抗污染性能的提高.而基膜主要研究DMAc、NMP均選自北京化學(xué)試劑廠,分析純.的是其表面結(jié)構(gòu)和界面聚合的匹配性,其本身截留美國Brookhaven公司的BI-200SM型動靜態(tài)率和通量性能對最終復(fù)合膜的性能影響較小.對于激光光散射儀,532nm固體激光光源，BI-APD檢測超濾膜而言,其過濾的主要是其他分離技術(shù)難以完器;日本日立公司的場發(fā)射掃描電鏡S-4800;國產(chǎn)成的膠狀懸浮液,大分子在溶劑中形態(tài)的復(fù)雜性造DKN-40型平板刮膜機(jī);美國Amicon8200死端式成了超濾膜截留性能的不確定性，線性高分子如聚過濾單元.乙二醇的截留率往往低于相同分子量的球型蛋白高1.2聚砜超濾膜的制備分子[6].將18%聚砜分別溶于DMF .DMAc.NMP的3本工作采用了最常使用的超濾膜過濾性能測試種溶劑中,完全溶解后靜置72h,并用真空烘箱脫體系-聚乙二醇(PEG)水溶液進(jìn)行研究,通過動態(tài)泡15 min,之后使用平板膜刮膜機(jī)在無紡布上連續(xù)激光光散射(DLS)對其形態(tài)進(jìn)行了表征.以DMF、刮涂厚度為250 pμm的高分子溶液，并立即浸人DMAc、NMP為溶劑,水為非溶劑，制備了不同結(jié)構(gòu)20 C的水浴中成膜.的聚砜超濾膜,分別考察其對PEG水溶液的過濾性1.3純水通和PEG截留率測試能根據(jù)實(shí)驗結(jié)果探討了不同溶劑對聚砜超濾膜結(jié)將制備好的聚砜超濾膜放置于死端式過濾單元構(gòu)和性能的影響,并對實(shí)驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了理論模擬,得中測試純水通量和截留率.首先將超濾膜在0.2MPa收稿日期: 2012-12-17第- -作者簡介:嚴(yán)昊(1984-), 男，安徽人,博士,工程師,主要研究方向為中國煤化工. *通訊作者，E-mail: liuyq. bjhy@sinopec. comMYHCNMH G第5期嚴(yán)吳等: 不同結(jié)構(gòu)聚砜超濾膜對聚乙二醇的過濾性能研究effects of defects in ultrafiltration membranes on the[12] Kerry J, Mark M. Fouling of microfiltration and ultra-water flux and the molecular weight cut off[J]. Desali-filtration membranes by natural waters[J]. Environnation, 2002,149:485- 491.Sci Technol, 2002, 36(16):3571 - -3576.The Filtration Properties for PEG Solutions of Different StructuresPolysulfone Ultrafiltration MembranesYAN Hao, XU Jian, PAN Guoyuan, ZHANG Yang,GUO Min, ZHANG Longgui, MIAO Xiaopei ,LIU Yiqun(Division of Material Science, SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute ofChemical Industry, Bejjing 100013, China)Abstract: DMF、DMAc、NMP have been used as solvent for polysulfone, and water as non-solvent toproduce ultrafiltration membranes with different structures. The filtration properties have been tested withPEG Solutions. The results showed that the fluxes of pure water for these membranes are determined withthe holes' structures on surface, and it increased with enlarging holes diameter. The rejection data showedthat both screen and depth filter mechanism worked to PEG molecules, the rejection increased withdecreasing the holes diameter and the volume of finger structures. Combined with the theoretic analysisand the data from dynamic light scattering of PEG solutions, we found out that the shape of PEGmolecules changed dramatically near the holes on the surface of ultrafiltration membranes.Key words: polysulfone; ultrafiltration; flux; rejection(上接第18頁)Analysis of membrane fouling and mechanism of proteinand Maillard products in fermentation brothLI Chunyan' , LI Xiaoqing', J IANG Mingzhang'，HONG Yubin', FANG Yongzheng2(1. College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China;2. Suntar Membrane Technology (Xiamen) Co. Ltd, Xiamen 361022, China)Abstract: In this paper, protein and Maillard products in a simulated fermentation broth on membranefouling of polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration membranes were studied, mainly studied the concentrations andoperating temperature and pressure on Membrane fouling. Five parts of membrane resistance and itsdistribution were analysised. It was found that, membrane flux decreased more quickly at higherconcentration, but membrane resistance increased quickly; rising the operating temperature and pressurecould increase the membrane flux，also increase resistances and the various parts of the resistance and itdistribution changed significantly. Membrane resistances increased and membrane fouling increasedobviously after adding the glucose into the protein and produce the Maillard reaction.Key words: Protein; maillard products; ultrafiltration; membrane f(中國煤化工ances; distri-bution of membrane resistancesHCNMHG